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Application of synergist in IFR (intumescent flame retardant)
2022 / 03 / 26
In order to further improve the flame retardant efficiency of IFR, some flame retardant synergists are usually added to the extrusion of ordinary intumescent flame retardants to meet the material's requirements for high flame retardant performance and reduce the amount of flame retardant added. From the perspective of scientific research and current research, zeolite, traditional metal compounds, metal chelates, natural clay, and rare earth oxides are usually used as synergistic flame retardant additives for IFR systems to have better flame retardant enhancement effects. In addition, nanoparticles such as montmorillonite, hydrotalcite, single-walled carbon nanotubes or multi-walled carbon nanotubes are also added to the polypropylene matrix to work together with IFR to improve its flame retardant effect. In short, adding an appropriate amount of synergistic additives, together with IFR to synergize flame retardant polypropylene, can significantly improve the flame retardant properties of polypropylene, inhibit the heat release of polypropylene during the combustion process, slow down the heat release rate, and reduce the combustion time The resulting mass loss caused by thermal weight loss improves the thermal stability of polypropylene and increases the amount of carbon remaining after combustion. Novista Group supplies APP, MCA, aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide to global market.
Innovations and Advances in PVC Technology-1
2022 / 03 / 26
Advancements in Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) technology are improving for use in pipe, construction applications, wires and cabling, medical tubing, flooring, fabrics and other consumer items. As a thermoplastic resin, manufactured from industrial salts and carbon, PVC is also less dependent on oil or gas and considered a more natural resource. PVC Pipe PVC pipe is approximately 75% less expensive in use than PE pipe, (polyethylene HDPE). New advancements include PVC-O, oriented PVC and PVC-M, modified PVC. PVC-O has been successfully used in Australia for almost 20 years. This pipe is produced by re-aligning the molecules in PVC with Biaxial orientation. The pipe produced is considerably stronger, allowing the wall thickness to be reduced close to 50% while maintaining the same pressure strength. This pipe offers increased hydraulic capacity and requires less energy use in production than PVC-U and other materials. PVC-O is lighter in weight making it easier to transport and work with. The material retains its strength in a wide range of temperatures and is highly impact resistant. Fusible PVC is providing enormous benefits to trenchless technology. This pipe is extremely useful for replacing broken or damaged cast iron pipe. Cost savings are increased with a continuous pipe requiring no seal rings. Fusible PVC is being used in pressure and non-pressure lines and wastewater applications. Modifying polymers added to PVC produce PVC-M pipe. PVC-M shows superior strength and resistance to cracks or scratches. The pipe can also be made with a thinner wall, reducing the material cost, while still offering the same durability.
Innovations and Advances in PVC Technology-2
2022 / 03 / 26
PVC Compound In the PVC market there`re some companies who developed a renewable modifier for PVC that increases the strength and resists fungi and biodegradation. PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate), a biobased copolymer, offers improved processing with all PVC compounds. While the PHA polymer is biodegradable, when used in a non-biodegradable polymer, the biodegradation process is not increased. The modifier does not migrate and provides easier handling and processing. This formulation allows for using a single product in formulation to eliminate multiple modifiers and processing steps. The PHA modifier gives higher flexibility and impact resistance to flexible and semi-rigid PVC. A next-generation PHA is being optimized for rigid PVC in outdoor use. The modifier should combat the poor light stability and oxidation of ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) and MBS (Methaacrylate Butadiene Styrene) while providing more strength than ASA (Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate) and CPE (Chlorinated Polyethylene) modifiers. Be sure to visit NOVISTA on NOVISTAGROUP.COM or Facebook/twitter to share your views on this technology. You can also follow us on Twitter and ask any questions to our dedicated editorial team using the comments section below.
2022 / 03 / 26
PVC Pipe is a product of modern technology that offers reliable and durable service to a variety of users including contractors, engineers, operators, industries, utilities, and irrigation districts. A number of performance advantages means PVC Pipes now replace many traditional materials. Lightweight PVC Pipes offer a tremendous weight advantage over alternative piping materials. The comparatively low weight of PVC Piping means that installers are less likely to get injured, and while it may take a team of workers or mechanical hoists to carry a large section of metal pipe, PVC Pipe is so light that a single person could easily move a long piece. This means fewer installers are required and those hired can get the piping installed comparatively faster than iron or steel. Less weight also means cheaper transport because the majority of transport companies charge by weight. This also enables larger payloads (more pipes) to be loaded. Flexibility PVC Pipe's resistance to fracture is an extremely important performance advantage. While PVC Pipes are made from rigid PVC compound, the PVC Pipe itself has the ability to yield under loading without fracturing. PVC Pipes can successfully be used where the surface will be subject to external loading such as road traffic*. The modulus of elasticity of PVC Pipes is a major advantage for buried applications, particularly where soil movement or vibration is anticipated. In pressure applications, PVC's modulus of elasticity also reduces the magnitude of pressure surges i.e. water hammer. PVC-O Pipes has higher resistance to water hammer than all other pressure pipe types. Watertight Joints A major requirement for all piping applications is joint tightness. PVC Pipes are available with deep insertion, push-together gasketed or sol
2022 / 03 / 26
Coefficient of Friction When piping systems are designed one of the main concerns is flow rate and pressure. PVC Pipes provide smoother wall surfaces that reduce fluid friction and resistance to flow. This hydraulic smoothness inhibits slime build-up in sewers and virtually eliminates tuberculation and encrustation in water distribution mains. The end results are significantly lower maintenance costs, more efficient initial pipeline design, and superior performance over the lifetime of the PVC pipe. Safe Material PVC pipe is a non-toxic and safe material that has been used for more than half a century. It is also the world's most researched and tested plastic. Longer Lengths PVC pipe is typically supplied in lengths of 6m, however can be supplied in other lengths as required. This reduces the number of joints required as compared with other pipe products. Fewer joints allow for faster and more efficient installation, less hydraulic friction, and fewer opportunities for leakage. Flame Resistance PVC Pipe is difficult to ignite and will not continue burning in the absence of an external ignition source. The spontaneous ignition temperature is 450°C. Design Versatility The physical properties of PVC Pipes allow designers and specifiers a high degree of freedom when designing new products and developing solutions where PVC acts as a replacement or refurbishment material. It's versatility is reflected in the wide range of applications it is found in such as pipes, cables, window frames, floor coverings, and roofing as well as packaging, interior design, clothing, billboards, marine, safety equipment, and medical products.
Applications of PVC pipe - Coal Seam Gas
2022 / 03 / 26
Coal seam gas production is water hungry business. Millions of gigalitres of water are brought to the surface, removed from the coal seam in order for the gas to be extracted. Conservative estimates suggest coal seam gas wells could draw 300 gigalitres of water from the ground each year from the some 40,000 coal seam gas wells estimated for Australia. Once the water is brought to the surface, it needs to be transferred via a vast network of underground water pipes to large feed ponds on mining tenements. Large Diameter PVC pipes are the most cost effective material to build underground water pipes to get water from the gas fields to the water treatment plants, often located more than 50 kilometres away. PVC pipes potentially offer a 20% cost reduction in building water pipeline infrastructure over PE pipes in sizes ranging from 500 – 800mm. PVC pipe is also the best option for distribution of treated water back to the environment after the treatment plant. Compared to polyethylene (PE) and metal pipes, the relatively thin but strong PVC-O pipes have greater water volume carrying capacity and lower susceptibility to water hammer, particularly compared with steel and cast iron pipes due to lower wave speed. Besides its cost advantage, PVC is the best performing, most sustainable and the safest option for water infrastructure
Applications of PVC pipe - Large Diameter PVC-O Pipes-1
2022 / 03 / 26
The new release of PVC-O Pipe with diameters up to DN 600mm make them the best solution for medium and high pressure networks for potable water supply, sewer rising mains, recycled water systems, sewer rising mains, irrigation systems, and pumping systems. PVC-O Pipes are the most advanced pipes for the conveyance of high pressure water on the market. The process of molecular orientation greatly enhances PVC's physical properties and gives PVC-O a number of exceptional features. It becomes an unbeatable plastic in terms of strength, impact resistance, and flexibility without altering its chemical properties. PVC-O Pipes are virtually impossible to destroy by impact, virtually eliminating the possibility of breakages during installation or during on-site trials caused by drops or impacts. This makes for a plastic with unbeatable qualities in terms of resistance to traction and fatigue, flexibility, and impact resistance. When used in high pressure water pipelines, this type of piping is virtually indestructible and is expected to have a lifetime in excess of 100 years. Compared to PE and metal pipes, the relatively thin but strong PVC-O Pipes have greater water volume carrying capacity and lower susceptibility to water hammer especially compared with steel and cast iron pipes due to lower wave speed (celerity).
Applications of PVC pipe - Large Diameter PVC-O Pipes-2
2022 / 03 / 26
When PVC-O Pipe is used for high pressure pipelines they have a number of performance and environmental benefits compared to alternative products. The pipe is highly energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly during all its useful life because of the considerable savings in raw material. DN600 PVC-O Pipe will be less than half the weight of PE and one third of the weight of equivalent DI pipe. Combining their large internal diameter with low friction, PVC-O can move water faster than the alternatives. The latest PVC-O pipes are designed to withstand 25bar water pressure long-term and meet the top Class 500 rating of having a minimum tensile strength of 50MPa. For all these reasons, PVC-O pipes are the best solution for medium and high pressure networks for potable water supply, sewer rising mains, recycled water systems, irrigation systems, and pumping systems.
PVC foaming regulator detailed introduction
2022 / 03 / 26
PVC foaming regulator (ACR), also known as "solid plasticizer for rigid PVC", it firstly accelerates the melt adhesion and plasticization of the overall PVC material, reduces the processing temperature, and secondly increases the plasticity of the PVC material. Fluidity, thirdly, under the above effect, the melt strength of the material increases, so that the foamed cells are uniform and dense; the surface cleanliness of the material is increased in appearance, and the mechanical properties of the material are assisted in the internal performance. For PVC foam materials, the role of foam regulators can be described as the greatest. The number of PVC foam regulator manufacturers has increased a lot in recent years. In order to price competition, the products are mixed. There are many kinds of PVC foaming regulators with different performances, which are easy to dazzle customers. Improper use or improper selection of manufacturers will reduce the quality of foamed products, or even fail to produce products normally, so that production cannot be carried out normally, and the cost will increase. It is necessary to have an in-depth understanding of foaming regulators. PVC foaming regulator is a copolymer formed by methacrylate and acrylate raw materials through a special emulsion polymerization process. It can also be called ACR or PVC Foam regulator. In my country, for foaming regulators, viscosity is a very important indicator, which represents the molecular weight of foaming regulators. Viscosity from the initial <10.0, to 10.0-11.0, to the current >=12.5. According to market feedback, the viscosity of the foaming regulator for thick plates of Shandong CREATE Chemical Co., Ltd. even reached 13.0 or more, the performance was stable, and the dosage was relatively small. For PVC foaming regulators, the melt strength cannot be ignored. Generally, the melt strength of foaming regulators with
Analysis of PVC foaming regulator
2022 / 03 / 26
In the PVC foaming formula, in order to obtain more uniform, small and independent cell structure products, in addition to the selection of foaming agents such as: AC foaming agent, etc., a foaming regulator is also used in the general formula system, sometimes A foaming regulator (adjusting the temperature of the foaming agent) will also be added, such as metal oxides such as zinc oxide and lead oxide, organic acid salts such as zinc stearate, and urea derivatives. PVC foaming regulator is actually an acrylate emulsion polymer, which has all the characteristics of PVC processing aids, and its molecular weight is much higher than that of PVC processing aids. In PVC foamed products, the purpose of adding foaming agent is mainly to improve the melt strength of its melt and prevent the merger of bubbles, so as to obtain uniformly foamed PVC foamed products. At the same time, it can also promote the plasticization of PVC and ensure that the melt has good fluidity. When choosing a PVC foaming regulator, it should be noted that PVC with different degrees of polymerization, such as PVC-700, PVC-800, and PVC-1000, should use different foaming regulators. Different products, such as: foamed board, foamed thick board, foamed thin board, wood-plastic foamed board, lead-plastic foamed board, etc., need to use different foaming regulators. Since PVC foaming aids are also acrylates and have the properties of processing aids, attention should also be paid to the internal and external lubrication balance of the formula when using them. The foreign products of PVC foaming regulator mainly include Rohm and Haas K-400P, K-385, K-418 of the United States; PA-40 and PA-60 of KANEKA of Japan. PVC foaming regulator 530 can adjust the cell density and uniformity of PVC foamed pipes and sheets, improve the surface quality and increase the strength of the melt. It is widely used in foamed PVC sheets, PVC pipes and PVC pro
dosage in the process of using PVC foaming regulato
2022 / 03 / 26
Do you know how much to use for PVC foaming regulator? Some customers say that the more the dosage, the better, but the actual situation is not the case, so how do we control the dosage of PVC foaming regulator? Some manufacturers of PVC foaming regulators said that their dosage should be used according to the amount of materials, because different quantities of plastics require different PVC foaming regulators, so if PVC is not used according to the amount of materials Foaming regulator, it is possible that the plastic cannot be molded or other conditions will occur. PVC foaming regulator has a more obvious effect on improving the performance of plastics, but this requires us to be reasonable and control the amount of PVC foaming regulator used, because too much PVC foaming regulator may cause some other plastics to appear. The problem, not only can not improve the performance of plastics, but also lead to poor performance of plastics. In addition to the above situations, in order to ensure the good effect of the equipment, we also need to clean the equipment regularly, so as to prolong the use time of the equipment and ensure its efficiency.
Encapsulated red phosphorus (RP) flame retardant masterbatch
2022 / 03 / 19
In order to increase the flame resistance of polymer materials, they are mainly used in polymer materials such as plastics, rubber, fibers and so on. Most of these materials can be burned. Plastics, in particular, must be used in transportation, construction, electrical equipment, aviation, space flight and so on. It is urgent to solve the problem of its anti-combustion. The use of flame retardants should generally meet the following conditions: do not reduce the physical properties of polymer materials, such as heat resistance, mechanical strength, electrical properties; decomposition temperature should not be too high, but can not be decomposed at processing temperature; good durability; good weather resistance; low price. Generally speaking, organic flame retardant has a good affinity. In plastics, bromine flame retardant occupies an absolute advantage in organic flame retardant system. Although there are many "criticisms" on environmental protection, it has been difficult to replace other flame retardant systems. Among non-halogen flame retardants, red phosphorus is a better flame retardant, which has the advantages of low additive, high flame retardant efficiency, low smoke, low toxicity and wide use. Red phosphorus is compounded with inorganic flame retardants such as aluminium hydroxide and expansive graphite to form composite phosphorus/magnesium, phosphorus/aluminium, phosphorus/graphite and other non-halogen flame retardants, which can be used as flame retardants. The volume of plastic products is greatly reduced, thus improving the processing performance and physical and mechanical properties of plastic products. However, ordinary red phosphorus is easy to oxidize and absorb moisture in the air, easy to cause dust explosion, transport difficulties, poor compatibility with polymer materials and other defects, the application
Production methods of brominated flame retardants and others
2022 / 03 / 19
Preparation of brominated flame retardant (39568-99-5): 2,3,5,6-tetrabromo-p-xylene was synthesized by reaction of p-xylene with Br2 catalyzed by AlCl3, and the product was replaced by a-H. 1. Synthesis of tetrabromo-p-xylene: 1000kg bromine and 3kg anhydrous AlBr3 were added into the reactor in turn. Cooling with ice brine to 0-3 C, slowly adding 80 kg xylene under stirring. When the bulk or viscosity is too high in the reactor, the temperature can be controlled at 30-35 C by adding 450kg bromine dilution. The mass disappeared and then cooled to 10-15 (?) C. The remaining dimethylbenzene was added and reacted at 20 (?) C for 4-6 H. Excess bromine was evaporated. Put the reaction liquid into the centrifuge to filter and dry. Recrystallization with methanol, melting point 253 - 254 C. 2. Synthesis of hexabromo-p-xylene: 80 kg of carbon tetrachloride was added to the reactor and 42 kg of tetrabromo-p-xylene was added under stirring. Under the protection of N2, carbon tetrachloride solution of bromine (32 kg bromine dissolved in 50 L carbon tetrachloride) was slowly added and heated for 15 hours. Then it is cooled to about 3 degrees Celsius. A, a', 2, 3, 5, 6-hexabromo-p-xylene was obtained by centrifugal filtration and drying. Product Specification: Indicator Name Indicator Appearance White Crystallization Melting Point /~272.5~273.5 Bromine Content /%>81 Novista Group supplies DBDPE, BDDP, FR245, SR130 to global market.
What are the reasons why flame-retardant PP is used in the socket housing
2022 / 03 / 19
Currently, some switchboard enclosures are made of PC and ABS materials, but some are gradually replacing PC and ABS materials with flame-retardant PP. why? Let us see why: 1, flame retardant PP is usually cheaper than ABS and PC materials, so many manufacturers choose flame retardant PP for cost reasons. .. 2. Flame-retardant PP is considered as a safe housing material in household sockets. It can increase the flame-retardant temperature from 650 to 750, and the safety factor has been improved. 3. Due to the addition of an appropriate amount of halogen-free flame retardant to the PP material, there is a flame retardant PP (also called halogen-free flame-retardant PP), and halogen-free flame-retardant PP is used inside the socket shell. Some of them can be extinguished immediately after ignition. In addition, since no irritating gases are released during the combustion process, halogen-free flame retardants are more environmentally friendly than halogenated flame retardants. The halogen-free type of Guangzhou Yinsu Flame Retardant New Material Co., Ltd. can also be provided. Have. 4. Among ordinary plastics, PP material has high heat resistance and can be used stably for a long time in a high temperature environment of 100 degrees or higher. In all cases of PA, PE and flame retardant PP, flame retardants are added to improve flame retardancy, so flame retardants are added to PA and PE. Based on suitable products of halogen-free flame-retardant PP, we can also provide customers with customized flame-retardant solutions. Novista Group supplies equivalent of FP-2100JC, FP-2200S, FP-2500S, Exolit OP1230, OP930, OP1312, OP1314 to global market.
What is acrylic processing aids and their funcations?
2022 / 03 / 12
What is acrylic processing aids and their funcations? ACR processing aids is a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, acrylate and styrene. Besides used as processing aids, it also be used as impact modifier. Main Functions: 1. It has good compatibility and dispersion with PVC,can promote PVC melt and plasticization, effectively reduces the melting temperature of PVC, and improves the weatherability of products. 2. It can change the melt rheological behavior of PVC materials and improve the fluidity of PVC materials, thus making it easier to extrude or inject 3. It can improve the strength of PVC melt materials, avoid pvc melt rupture, solve surface problems such as shark skin, and improve the intrinsic quality and surface gloss of products. 4. It can effectively prevent pressure fluctuation and flow scars caused by extrusion and injection molding, and effectively avoid surface problems such as ripple and zebra line. 5. It can improve the surface gloss of the products, because the plasticization is uniform, at the same time it can help to improve the mechanical properties of the products, such as tensile strength, impact strength and elongation at break. 6. It can significantly reduce the deposition of various additives such as stabilizers, pigments and calcium powder on the surface of PVC products. 7.Foaming regulator can effectively adjust the density and size of the cell, greatly increase the strength of PVC melt materials, thus effectively wrap the foaming gas, form a uniform honeycomb structure, prevent gas escaping, and reduce the density of products. 8. Good metal peeling property, because it belongs to macromolecule materials, will not cause precipitation
Why we use fillers on plastics?
2022 / 03 / 12
Why we use fillers on plastics? The main purpose of adding fillers to plastics: 1. Improving the processing and material properties of plastics: for example, improving the dimensional stability, heat resistance, hardness, weatherability, flame retardancy, aesthetics,fluidity, strength and stiffness of products. 2.Reduce cost Compared with pure plastics, the price of filler is generally very low. Adding filler can greatly reduce the cost of plastics products. Fillers are divided into two main categories 1,A kind of
What is mainly formulation components for UPVC pipe?
2022 / 03 / 12
What is mainly formulation components for UPVC pipe? UPVC pipe, also known as rigid PVC pipe, isan amorphous thermoplastic vinyl chloride resin by adding certain additives(such as stabilizers, lubricants, fillers, modifiers, etc.) through extruder processing get to plasic pipe Formulation components 1.PVC resin In order to obtain rapid and uniformplasticization, should use suspension method loosen pvc resin. K value of theresin is 66-68. 2.PVC stabilizer Commonly used lead-based one pack stabilizers,calcium-z
2022 / 03 / 12
In the 21st century, polymers and their derivatives are ubiquitous in our daily lives. In particular, some composite materials have gradually replaced the wide application of steel and aluminum alloys in the past few decades. Composite materials are generally composed of glass fiber, carbon, aramid or natural fiber reinforced organic polymer matrix. It is understood that the output of glass fiber reinforced plastics in Europe in 2009 reached 815,000 tons. Epoxy polymers for electrical and electronic (EE) applications account for approximately 12% of the glass fiber reinforced plastics market, and this is also one of the main applications of epoxy resin composites. In the printed circuit board (PCB), 80% of the composite material is rated as FR-4 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA). FR-4 is a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin laminate that meets the required flame retardant standards (ie UL 94-V0). We know that in the flame cycle, there are different ways to reduce the occurrence and damage of fire (the red mark in the figure represents the main way of extinguishing fire), and the most effective way is to improve the fire resistance of the cured resin by adding flame retardants. Currently, halogenated flame retardants are still the majority of the flame retardant market for EE applications. However, with the implementation of new environmental regulations (such as REACH, WEEE and RoHS), some bromides will gradually be phased out, and most of the development of halogen-free flame reta
2022 / 03 / 12
1. Non-combustible means that the substance itself cannot be burned, and flame-retardant means that it has no burning ability or is not easy to burn. 2. Flame retardant can sometimes be close to or in contact with fire sources, such as asbestos flame retardant, and gasoline needs to be fire resistant. Flame retardant can also be understood as fire resistance, which is different from non-combustible. Non-combustible means that the substance is non-combustible, not non-combustible. 3. Not all flame retardant materials are combustible and combustible materials. Flame retardants are mainly organic and inorganic, halogen and non-halogen. Organic is some flame retardants represented by bromine, nitrogen, red phosphorus and compounds. Inorganic are mainly antimony trioxide, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, silicon and other flame retardant systems. Novista Group supplies equivalent of FP-2100JC, FP-2200S, FP-2500S, Exolit OP1230, OP930, OP1312, OP1314 to global market.
Flame-retardant reaction mechanism of polymer materials
2022 / 03 / 12
1. Endothermic effect The heat released during the combustion process heats the raw material, making it quickly reach the ignition point. The principle of endothermic flame retardancy is that the material needs to absorb a large amount of heat during the combustion process, which can reduce the heating process of the material. It is difficult for the free radicals cracked by the converted combustible molecules to reach the ignition point, which inhibits the progress of combustion to a certain extent. 2. The high temperature generated when the covering material burns makes the flame retardant form a glassy or stable foam covering layer to isolate oxygen, so that it not only insulates and insulates oxygen, but also prevents the escape of combustible gas, so as to achieve the purpose of flame retardancy. 3. Inhibition of chain reaction According to the chain reaction theory of combustion, free radicals are needed to maintain combustion. Flame retardants can act on the gas phase combustion zone to capture free radicals in the combustion reaction, thereby preventing the spread of flames, reducing the flame density in the combustion zone, and ultimately reducing the combustion reaction speed until it stops.
PVC Heat stabilizers for medical applications-1
2022 / 03 / 10
The pandemic of 2020 has changed the world in many ways like never before. But there is a silver lining. Plastics have gained great respect in society in general thanks to the contribution of PPE kits and medical devices in the fight against Covid-19. Plastic has been the undoubted hero in this battle that protected frontline workers as a shield and helped to cure patients in the form of medical devices. Among all the plastics, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) is used in medical applications widely due to the unique combination of properties. PVC is an `additive friendly` polymer, and with the help of various additives, it can be made either flexible or rigid, transparent, opaque or translucent. Other than these physical properties PVC is durable, biocompatible and resistant to harsh chemicals. These properties may seem obvious at first glance, but it sets PVC apart from other materials if we look at it closely. For example, glass is very good for chemical resistivity and biocompatibility but there`s a limitation due to the rigid and brittle nature of glass. It can`t be used for all applications and careful handling is required. Whereas, PVC can replace glass in many applications as it not only provides required biocompatibility and chemical resistance but also the toughness of material in terms of mechanical properties allows it to be used with little care. Similarly, PVC also gives an advantage over metal as it doesn`t corrode and has great chemical resistance. Hence lipids, alcohol, acids and bases can be stored safely in a PVC container.
PVC Heat stabilizers for medical applications-2
2022 / 03 / 10
Single-use medical applications of PVC like gloves, masks, sterile syringes, blood bags, IV bags, tablet packaging, are a game-changer. Sanitization is a constant challenge in front of medical workers and historically multi-use medical devices were the main reason behind infections due to cross contaminations. Moreover, traditional sterilization facilities such as the use of ethylene dioxide, steam and autoclave were time-consuming. Whereas, new age sterilization techniques like gamma rays are very well suited for polymer-based medical equipment and these devices can be sealed or made `ready for use' in a very short time. PVC and its additives used in medical applications fulfill all the requirements of safety during the working period and retain the properties of the compound even after modern sterilization techniques. Since PVC is not stable when it is exposed to heat, the performance of PVC is largely dependent on the additives especially heat stabilizers. In the case of manufacturing medical devices, non-toxic and eco-friendly heat stabilizers are the natural choice of processors. These stabilizers are also expected to provide final products high degree of clarity, good mechanical properties and excellent chemical resistance. Generally, for transparent applications Calcium and Zinc based stabilizers are recommended to use. Calcium Stearate and Zinc Stearate are the core stabilizing agents which are manufactured using plant-based stearic acid, calcium hydroxide and zinc oxide. Both of these ingredients can be used for food contact applications safely. But since these grades are to be used for medical applications, all raw materials used to
PVC Heat stabilizers for medical applications-3
2022 / 03 / 10
The inorganic stabilizers are mainly acid scavengers that restrict the release of toxic gases such as hydrochloric acid and organic co-stabilizers are used to improve the color hold and UV stability of the final product. Along with these stabilizers, many processors also use Epoxidized Soya-Bean Oil (ESBO) in the flexible compounds to improve heat stability and UV resistance of the final article. ESBO is also a bio-based product and can be used safely in all food contact or insertable parts of devices such as tubes. Moreover, PVC is being used in hospitals in the form of floorings and wall claddings in hygienic rooms. Hygienic surfaces need to be cleaned with various cleaning agents and due to chemical resistance PVC claddings are preferred. The added advantages such as durability, low maintenance cost, and acoustic properties in the material, PVC is preferred by modern health care architects for the interior design of the hospitals. For such rigid applications, internal and external lubricants are also used in combination with the stabilizers to make processing easy. The use of PVC and Ca-Zn based stabilizers is a sustainable solution. All single-use and multi-use articles can be recycled. Most material is transparent and made with premium grades of additives. Hence, once sterilized it can be sold at a very good price to the recyclers. Secondly, in many other transparent applications, methyl tin stabilizers are used which are not compatible with Lead-based stabilizers. Since Ca/Zn stabilizers are primarily used in medical applications the material to be recycled can be used in any system as Ca/Zn based stabilizers are compatible with all ingredients. NOVISTA Calcium-Zinc stabilizers are performance-oriented and
Functions and Dosage of various PVC Lubricants-1
2022 / 03 / 05
Lubricant is one of the most essential additives after heat stabilizer yet most difficult to adjust for the processing of rigid PVC. PVC requires various additives to prevent PVC from degrading when heated and sheared and get the desired and perfect articles. Lubricant reduces various types of frictions within the polymer matrix and between the polymer matrix and processing equipment. It influences the viscosity and flow behavior of PVC compositions under the heat and shear experienced in the processing machinery so that the processing is made easier and smooth. The rheology of PVC is adjusted with the help of various lubricants depending upon the process and application. Goldstab uses these lubricants in the manufacturing of One Pack Stabilizers and adjusts the lubrication required according to the application. There are a wide variety of lubricants used for processing PVC, each having its unique motive A. External Lubricant – Paraffin wax, Polyethylene wax, Fischer-Tropsch wax B. Internal Lubricant – Oxidised Polyethylene wax, Ester wax A. External Lubricant External Lubricant is responsible to reduce friction between PVC melt and the metal surface of machinery. It provides operational benefits of easier movement of the stock through the machinery and prevention of its adhesion to the hot metal that would quickly result in the local formation of stagnant layers and their burning. It increases the fusion time and stability of PVC and delays gelation. It also provides an additional feature of gloss to the end product. 1. Paraffin Wax Paraffin wax is the most prevalent external lubricant used for U-PVC applications such as pipes and fittings. It is derived from petroleum refining and has a dropping point between 55-75°C. These long branched chain wax segments tend to form crystallites at the surface of U-PVC melt and form a layer between metal surface a
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