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detailed introduction to the role and categories of PVC lubricants
2022 / 05 / 28
A detailed introduction to the role and categories of PVC lubricants Regarding the mechanism of action of PVC lubricants, PVC lubricants can be divided into two categories: external lubricants and internal lubricants. Since the factors affecting the effect of lubricants are extremely complex and there are many factors, the editor will briefly introduce them here: First, the main softening mechanism or plasticizing mechanism of PVC lubricants. For PVC profiles, plasticizers and lubricants can usually be considered the same type of material, but since PVC plastics are often considered the same type of material used for PVC profiles, PVC lubricants have a longer carbon chain and low polarity. Therefore, the compatibility between the PVC profile and the lubricant will be significantly reduced, and only a small fraction of the PVC lubricant molecules can penetrate into the molecular chains of the polymer, further weakening the mutual attraction between the molecular chains . This will make it easier for the polymer chains to spin and slide between the molecular chains.
The selection of impact modifiers
2022 / 05 / 28
Choice of impact modifier The selection of impact modifiers should pay attention to the following aspects: 1. The compatibility with PVC resin should be moderate. If the compatibility is too large, the two are completely mixed at the molecular level. The impact modifier may play the role of plasticizer, which is closely attached to the PVC molecules, causing impact The force acts directly on the PVC chain and cannot improve the impact resistance. On the other hand, if the compatibility between the two is too small, the uniform dispersion cannot be achieved, the adhesion to PVC is lost, and the impact force cannot be absorbed. 2. The glass transition temperature should be low, which can improve the impact resistance of PVC at low temperature. 3. The molecular weight should be high, and if necessary, it is best to lightly cross-link to improve the reinforcing effect. 4. It has no obvious influence on the performance and physical properties of PVC. 5. The weather resistance should be good, and the mold release expansion should be small. 6. Good processability for blending with PVC. 7, heat resistance (deformation resistance, thermal stability) is better. 8. Economical.
2022 / 05 / 28
Intumescence is the result of a combination of charring and foaming at the surface of the burning polymer, which protects the underlying material from the action of the heat or flame. Intumescent FRs (IFRs) is often used for applications requiring high levels of flame retardancy. They are highly efficient and low toxic. They provide very robust fire safety and flame resistance performance. The carbon agent forms multicellular charred layers, the char may be soft or hard [5]. Soft char IFRs: composed of a carbon source pentaerythritol (PER), acid source (ammonium polyphosphate) and a gas-blowing additive (melamine) harder char IFRs: composed of sodium silicates and graphite. These are suitable for use in plastic pipe firestops as well as exterior steel fireproofing. PER is quite costly. A possible substitute is green carbon agent is chitosan (CS), obtained by the alkaline deacetylation of abundantly naturally occurring chitin. A good synergistic effect observed when chitosan/urea compound based phosphonic acid melamine salt (HUMCS), was added to an IFR system for polypropylene (PP) [5]. A reactive, intumescent, HFFRs 2-({9-[(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2- yl)amino]-3,9-dioxido-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro[5.5] undecan-3-yl}oxy) ethyl methacrylate (EADP), synthesized from phosphorus oxychloride, pentaerythritol, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and melamine. EADP (Figure 2) exhibited excellent thermal stability and char-forming ability without affecting tensile strength of polypropylene [6].
Nano materials as a flame retardant
2022 / 05 / 28
Inexpensive nanoclays form 'nano-network' which spread out and dispersed through the host material forming a sort of gauze. The breakdown of material and the release of gas phase combustible molecules are slowed down or even prevented. Nano materials can be used as: a) Nano polymer composites b) Nanoparticles in traditional back-coatings c) Deposition of nano coatings on the fabric substrates. The DEROCA project (EU) studies the synergic effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) with phosphorus based flame retardants and other new additives in intumescent or carbon crust formation systems [10]. However, with any nanotechnology the potential for harm is associated with the size and shape of the particles [11]. Novista Group supplies equivalent of FP-2100JC, FP-2200S, FP-2500S, Exolit OP1230, OP930, OP1312, OP1314 to global market.
Nanocomposites as a flame retardant
2022 / 05 / 28
Nanocomposites is a multiphase solid material where one of the phases has one, two or three dimensions of less than 100 nanometres, or structures having nanoscale repeat distances between the different phases that make up the material. Polymer layered-silicate nanocomposites (PLSNs) with silicate enhance mechanical properties, increase heat-distortion temperatures, improve thermal stability, decrease gas/vapour permeability and reduce flammability [12]. The use of P-N flame-retardant with montmorillonite (MMT) as a flame-retardant synergist for flame-resistant thermoplastics such as PP, PA6, and PA66 has been reported [13]. Chemically, montmorillonite is hydrated sodium calcium aluminium magnesium silicate hydroxide (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2•nH2O. Montmorillonites swell or expand considerably more than other clays due to water penetrating the interlayer molecular spaces and concomitant adsorption. By exchanging sodium cations for organic cations the surface energy of MMT decreases and the interlayer spacing expands. The resulting material is called organoclay [14]. Thermoplastic poly(ester ether) elastomers (TPEEs) are easily ignited and rapidly burned. TPEE nanocomposites with phosphorus-nitrogen (P-N) flame retardants and organic montmorillonite (o-MMT) were prepared by melt blending. A significant fire-retardant effect was induced in TPEE and rendered a V-0 classification in the UL 94 test [15]. Organically treated layered silicates (clays), carbon nano-tubes/nano-fibres, or other submicron particles at low loading (1-10wt%) are used for polymer nanocomposites. The polymer nanocomposites greatly l
Common faults and solutions of plastic pipe extrusion line-1
2022 / 05 / 28
During the production line of plastic pipes, due to various reasons such as the operator's unskilled craftsmanship and machine operation, the plastic pipes often appear rough on the outer surface, jitter rings appear inside, uneven wall thickness, and insufficient roundness. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the process in time and eliminate the failure of the plastic pipe extrusion line to improve product quality. 1. Rough outer surface of plastic pipe Adjust the process temperature; reduce the cooling water temperature, the best cooling water temperature of the PE pipe is 20~25℃; check the water circuit for blockage or insufficient water pressure; check whether the heating ring of the barrel, head, etc. is damaged; adjust the sizing sleeve to enter Water flow; check the performance and batch number of the raw materials; check the temperature of the core of the mold, if it is higher than the temperature of the die section, lower the temperature of the core; clean the aggregate of the mold; 2. Grooves appear on the outer surface of the plastic pipe Adjust the water outlet pressure of the sizing sleeve, and the water output is required to be balanced; adjust the nozzle angle in the vacuum sizing box to make the pipe cool evenly; ch
Common faults and solutions of plastic pipe extrusion line-2
2022 / 05 / 28
4. A jitter ring appears inside the pipe Adjust the water outlet of the sizing sleeve to make it even; adjust the vacuum degree of the second chamber so that the vacuum degree of the rear chamber is slightly higher than that of the front chamber; check whether the vacuum seal is too tight; check whether the tractor is shaking; check the main engine Whether the material is uniform; 5. No vacuum Check whether the water inlet of the vacuum pump is blocked, if it is blocked, unblock it; check whether the vacuum pump is working properly; check whether the vacuum pipeline is leaking; check whether the small hole in the middle of the mandrel compression screw is blocked, if it is blocked, use a fine iron wire to clear it; 6. The outer diameter of the pipe is out of tolerance
Common faults and solutions of plastic pipe extrusion line-3
2022 / 05 / 28
8. Uneven pipe wall thickness Adjust the wall thickness on the mold; adjust the nozzle angle in the vacuum setting machine and the spray box to make the pipe cool evenly; adjust the water output of the sizing sleeve to make it even; disassemble the mold, check whether the screws inside the mold are loose, and re-tighten; 9. The plasticizing temperature is too high Adjust the process; adjust the heating temperature of the mold core, and ventilate and cool the mold; the shear heat of the screw is too high, replace the screw; 10. Inaccurate cutting length Check whether the long wheel is compressed; check whether the long wheel swings, and tighten the fixing bolt of the long wheel frame; check whether the travel switch
Halogen-based flame retardants (Br-FRs)
2022 / 05 / 21
The Stockholm Convention (2001) listed 23 organo-halogen chemicals (including all BFRs) to be banned globally. The challenges of finding substitutes for banned halogen-containing flame- retardants include: A. Lower flame retardancy: Only 10 wt% of BFRs is equivalent to about 30-50% by wt of inorganic FRs B. High cost: Inorganic FRs is low-cost but require high loading. New HFFRs, on the other hand, are mostly costlier. The cost ratios (£) of BF-FR with phosphorous based and non- phosphorous based HFFR are about 1:6 and 1:2 respectively. C. Higher thermal stability: Many HFFRs decompose at higher temperature (about 400°C) than their halogenated counterparts (about 3300C). D. Melt-dripping: Melt dripping occurs with most polymers e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene, PET, ABS and so on. Flammable drips act as secondary ignition sources. FRs should make drips non-flammable. E. Deterioration in Mechanical Properties: The deterioration of mechanical properties increase proportionately with the amount of FR. Therefore, the deteriorati
2022 / 05 / 21
Phosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) (organic and inorganic) are more environmentally friendly, good thermally stable and have superior performance, resulting from the synergistic effect of P-N. They do not tend to form toxic gases since phosphorus is mostly locked into the char. Phosphorous FRs may be reactive (chemically bound) and additive (physical mixing) [2]. Lanxess [3] has developed is a halogen-free phosphate ester. The product that combines plasticising and flame retardant properties has a low odour and can be used in many plastics, coated textile fibres, tarpaulins, furniture and automotive interiors etc. It was found that non-halogenated phosphorus flame retardants have an environmentally friendly profile e.g. 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10- phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO), (Figure 1). However, the chemical addition of DOPO to the epoxy resin significantly decreases the Tg of the cured epoxy resin. Hence, new multifunctional reactive DOPO derivatives, phosphorus containing oligomers and phosphorus-based curing agents that would not have a detrimental effect on the Tg of the cured resin are subject to extensive research [4]. Similar phosphorus contents are required for DOPO-based additives and for reactive DOPO derivatives to reach UL 94-V0 rating. Even though the reactive approach has yet to be adopted in industry, it has been subject to an ever-growing interest from the academic community. Indeed, the reactive P-H bond of hydrogen phosphonates or phosphinates enables to covalently bind the
2022 / 05 / 21
This class consists of pure melamine, melamine derivatives, i.e. salts with organic or inorganic acids such as boric acid, cyanuric acid, phosphoric acid or pyro/poly-phosphoric acid, and melamine homologues. Combinations of nitrogen-based flame retardants such as melamine polyphosphate and metal phosphinates also demonstrated flame retardancy of composites that has repercussions on printed wiring boards (PWB) [4]. Novista Group supplies equivalent of FP-2100JC, FP-2200S, FP-2500S, Exolit OP1230, OP930, OP1312, OP1314 to global market.
Applications of Metallic Stearates-1
2022 / 05 / 20
Properties of metallic stearates due to the unique structure of having polar and non-polar nature in the same molecule can be used in various functions in a variety of applications. They work as reactive processing aids, inert process enablers, mold release agents, acid scavenging agents, dispersing agents, and hydrophobizing agents. Here are a few applications where metallic stearates are used. Polymer & Rubber Industry Metallic stearates have been utilized in the rubber industry for a long time. The primary functions of metallic stearates are their ability to prevent the rubber from sticking to the mold as well as to itself. Metallic stearates are primarily used as acid scavengers, lubricants, and release agents into the plastics industry, which is becoming increasingly important in melt processing. In addition to optimizing production, the use of metallic stearates allows the processor to produce finished articles with smoother surfaces and lower friction. The major types of metallic stearates th
Applications of Metallic Stearates-2
2022 / 05 / 20
Aluminium Stearate is used as flattening, thickening, pigment suspension, anti-foaming agents. Building & Construction Metallic stearates perform various functions as additives in the building & construction industry. It is used as a hydrophobic and anti-flocculating agent. They are added to cement and fillers on account of their excellent water repellent properties that increase the life of steel used in the structure. With high infrastructure growth in the emerging regions, the metallic stearates market in regions such as the Asia-Pacific is expected to witness high growth during the forecast period. The major types of metallic stearates that are used in this industry include zinc stearate, calcium stearate, and magnesium stearate. Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics Due to their excellent lubrication and release properties, their thixotropic effect, and their capacity for gelation, metallic stearates are used by the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. Their release properties are utilized during dragée preparation and tablet pressing, whilst their gelation properties assist in the production of creams and ointments. The hydrophobic properties of metallic stearates prevent pharmaceutical and cosmetic products in powders from absorbing water and thus from forming agglomerates. Metallic stearates prevent solid washing powders and detergents from water absorption. Additionally, metallic stearates are used in shampoos, eyeliners, lipsticks, sun-pr
Applications of Metallic Stearates-3
2022 / 05 / 20
These majorly used metallic stearates that are specially manufactured to qualify the stringent requirements of this industry include zinc stearate, calcium stearate, and magnesium stearate. Other During the production of waxes and the processing of liquid wax compounds, they act as suspension agents and increase water repellency. They are added as anti-caking agents to different types of fillers and very hygroscopic salts and also to improve water resistance. The metal-processing industry uses metallic stearates as lubricants, release agents, and dry-film lubricants. In color pastels, Calcium Stearate is used as a mold release agent. In the textile industry, metallic stearates are applied for dry impregnation and as antistatic agents. Conclusion: Now, we know where the Metallic Stearates are used in wide proportion. If you think, there is any industry where metallic stearate is used and needs to be highlighted, do let us know.
What is the difference between fire retardant paint and fire retardant coating Ingredient
2022 / 05 / 14
Fire retardant paint is a kind of flame retardant coating made of film-forming agent, flame retardant, foaming agent and other materials. Fire-retardant coatings, which can be called flame-retardant materials, are composed of coating components such as binders (ie, film-forming substances), pigments, common coating additives, fire-retardant additives, and dispersion media. Except for fire retardant additives, other coating components have the same functions in coatings as in ordinary coatings, but some have special requirements in terms of performance and dosage. Application scope: In addition to the flame retardant treatment of wires and cables in power plants, industrial and mining, telecommunications and civil buildings, fire retardant paints also have fire protection for wood structures, metal structures, and flammable substrates of underground works. Suitable for home use. Fire retardant coatings are mainly used on the surface of flammable substrates, which can reduce the flammability of the material surface, prevent the spread of fire, and have wear resistance, water resistance, heat resistance, etc. It is generally suitable for veneers, wood and steel structures, and Most of the fillers are environmentally friendly, such as halogen-free flame retardants,
Flame Retardants: Background and Effectiveness
2022 / 05 / 14
Fire safety can be achieved by means of active or passive fire protection. Passive fire protection involves using materials or products with superior fire performance so as to either minimize the probability of ignition or, if ignition does occur, minimize the damaging effects of the resulting fire. Flame retardants offer one way of providing passive fire protection. When a combustible material (often a polymer) is used in applications where fire safety is important, the lack of intrinsic fire safety must be addressed to provide passive fire protection. There are four possible approaches, the first two involving flame retardants. · Adding flame retardants (i.e., using additive flame retardants) · Creating new materials with better fire performance though syntheses of variations of the material (i.e., using reactive flame retardants) · Blending or otherwise compounding the material with other materials with better fire performance (i.e., creating blends or mixtures) · Encapsulating the material or separating it from potential exposure to the heat insult (e.g., using barriers). Typical applications where fire safety
2022 / 05 / 14
Flame retardants are a tool that can have a favorable effect on every key fire property, including ignitability, flame spread, heat release, and ease of extinction; albeit they do not necessarily have all of these effects simultaneously in every case. Some examples follow associated with well-known products in actual use where the effectiveness of the appropriate flame retardant system has been well demonstrated or even incorporated into codes or regulations. It is not possible to assign a particular flame retardant to a specific application, since many different flame retardants can be used for a variety of applications and vice versa. Wood behaves very differently if it has been treated with flame retardants to obtain fire-retardant-treated wood (FRTW). Standard wood panels tend to exhibit a flame spread index (FSI) of between 75 and 200 (in the ASTM E844 test), while FRTW panels exhibit an FSI of under 25 and are accepted in many more applications than standard wood panels. Recent heat release work has shown that the peak heat release rate [in the cone calorimeter] for both low density and medium density particleboards decreases when flame is retarded.5 Similar results exist for larch and thermowood pine.6 In all the cases reported, the treated wood materials were also less easily ignitable. Cellulose loose-fill is a product used for insulating attics, although it has relatively poor fire performance. Regulations and codes require the product to meet a critical radia
2022 / 05 / 13
PVC Lubricant is an indispensable additive in PVC processing. Adding appropriate amount of lubricant in PVC can reduce the friction between particles and macromolecules in PVC melt before PVC melting; Reduce friction between PVC melt and plastic mechanical contact surface. Appropriate amount of lubricant can improve the fluidity of PVC melt, improve production efficiency, prevent the degradation of PVC caused by friction heat, and improve the appearance quality of products. According to the function can be divided into external lubricants and internal lubricants. The external lubricant has poor compatibility with PVC and is easy to migrate from the resin melt inside to the surface, forming the lubricant interface layer, thus reducing the friction between particles and mechanical contact surface between PVC melt and plastic before PVC melting. Internal lubricant contains polar groups, and has good compatibility with PVC, can reduce PVC intermolecular force, reduce melt viscosity, improve melt fluidity. The division of internal and external lubricants is only relative, and there is no strict classification standard. In resins with different polarities, the role of internal and external lubricants may change. For example, alcohol stearate, amine stearate, butyl stearate, and monotriglyceride stearate provide internal lubrication for polar resins (such as PVC and PA), but show external lubrication for non-polar resins (such as PE and PP). On the contrary, macromolecule paraffin and other polar resin compatibility is poor, such as in polar PVC used as external lubricant, and in PE, PP and other non-polar resin is internal lubricant. At different processing temperatures, the role of internal and external lubricants will change, such as stearic acid and stearic alcohol used in PVC calendering molding early, due to low processing temperature, poor compatibility with PVC, mainly pla
2022 / 05 / 13
PVC resin is a hard and brittle material with poor impact resistance strength, generally only 3-5kJ / m.The main reason for the need to improve the impact resistance strength is its sensitivity to the gap, but also to improve the low-temperature shock resistance performance.At present, through the PVC polymer blend resist modifier technology, can effectively harden brittle hard PVC, this kind of resist modifier is a certain compatibility with PVC polymer elastomer, it can make the mixing system can maintain UPVC high modulus, high rigidity, and can greatly improve the gap impact intensity, obviously improve the low temperature impact intensity.Currently, common PVC antioxidants are chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) ,chloride polyethylene, by part of HDPE chloride due to the existence of chlorine atoms, CPE has softness and some rubber properties, and make CPB become a polar polymer and has the same polar group with PVC, increase the compatibility with PVC, so the polymer chain can maintain enough large van der Waals force to improve the impact resistance of PVC, play a toughening role.Moreover, CPE has the function of promoting PVC melting and accelerating plasticizing, and with the increase of CPE dosage, the plastic time shortens the plastic torque, the balance torque increases, and the viscosity of the plastic melt increases. Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) is a powder product using HDPE in the water phase. With the increase of chlorination degree, the originally crystalline HDPE gradually becomes a non-crystalline elastomer.For the CPE used as a tougher, the C1 content is generally 25-45%.CPE has a wide range of sources and low price. In addition to its toughening effect, it also has cold resistance, weather r
MBS impact modifier Introduction
2022 / 05 / 13
MBS (Methylmetharylate-Butadiene-Styrene), commonly known as MBS impact modifier or MBS resin, is a new type of polymer material synthesized under the particle design concept. It is prepared by lotion grafting polymerization of methyl methacrylate (M), butadiene (B) and styrene (S).It has typical core-shell structure in submicroscopic morphology. The core is a spherical rubber core with a diameter of 10 nm ~ 100 mm, and the outside is a shell composed of styrene and methyl methacrylate. Because the dissolution parameters of methyl methacrylate and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are similar,It acts as an interface adhesive between PVC resin and rubber particles, forms homogeneous phase in the process of processing and mixing with PVC, and gives the product excellent impact resistance. MBS impact modifier is similar to other types of modifiers. It is a PVC / MBS Blend composite system formed by blending with PVC. It has excellent weather resistance, impact resistance, aging resistance, coloring, toughness and processing fluidity. It is widely used in PVC hard sheet, pipe, plate, interior decoration board, film, bottle material and various profile products.
Polyvinyl Chloride: An important part of your interior-1
2022 / 05 / 11
Polyvinyl Chloride: An important part of your interior-2
2022 / 05 / 11
Additionally, along with the exceptional furniture design ideas and their execution, PVC pipes and fittings can work wonders when it comes to decorating your wall. The reason is, their capacity to be converted into a modish room divider. If you are in love with your living area, PVC pipes and fittings can be the sole material that can turn your living space into a personification of beauty. With the help of paint with various colors and other decorating items, the wall pipes can be turned into interesting wall decoration that can have its beauty at the same time create an exclusive interior design. One of the uses of PVC pipes can be to frame paintings. It can overturn the interior by adding an unusual element to your wall decorations. It can be made of metal as well as PVC pipes for wall decor that can add a modern and stylish essence to your interior design and create a truly special, beautiful, and unique living area. Another application of the PVC pipes for your interior is that you can prepare frames with them while adding different colors and fabrics at the same time. This will give you an exclusive lighting fixture with PVC pipes that will renovate rooms and customize your interior design. The instant transformation due to decorating with pipes makes will astonish and please you. PVC pipes and fittings can also be turned into containers for herb garden design and vegetable gardens. (To be continued...)
Polyvinyl Chloride: An important part of your interior-3
2022 / 05 / 11
If you are a very environmentally conscious person in using the resources, then you can reuse, recycle and create a series of objects from PVC pipes. The PVC pipes can be heated and molded to form a variety of different shapes and sizes resulting in a collection of uniquely formed pieces like a totem, stool, and designer vases. Designers also recycle PVC tubes into comfortable furniture structures like `chairs`. By splitting the plastic tubes and bending them using heat, the designer created the shapes needed for the different parts of the chair. The chair is lightweight as it only uses hollow PVC tubes and light wood. The designer chose to sandblast the PVC tubes to give them a sophisticated finish, disguising the material`s ordinary surface. PVC material is the world`s most popularly used material in building, interior, and architecture. In numerous applications of PVC pipes and fittings, they are replacing conventional materials like copper, iron, and wood. They have unquestionably improved the interior operations in various manners at the same time they also provide a huge amount of flexibility. PVC pipes expand the entire quality, cost-effectiveness, and wellbeing of products, letting them be environmentally friendly and durable. They are used in interior designing since it has non-toxic properties and the capacity to bring charm to every interior room or space.
Top 10 applications of PVC pipes-1
2022 / 05 / 11
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) stands third around the world as the most widely produced plastic polymer. The rigid form of PVC is used in making PVC pipes that have a diverse range of applications. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) pipes are the most commonly used plastic piping material. The PVC pipes are manufactured in various dimensions and sizes. They are extensively used in sewer systems, irrigation, water service lines, drain waste vents, and various industries. The properties of PVC pipes for safety, robustness, cost-efficiency, environmental performance, and recyclability allow them to be used for multiple purposes, from carrying water to industrial or chemical waste handling. PVC pipes can be used in underground areas as well as above-ground areas of any building. They also come in handy to be used in outdoor settings if they include UV inhibitors and stabilisers to protect against ultraviolet radiation and are painted with water-based latex paint. They are unaffected by commonly used chemicals such as salts, acids, oxidants, or bases. PVC pipes are an environment-friendly option that has an upper hand over the traditional piping system. The PVC pipes consist of low carbon plastic and require minimal resources and less energy in manufacturing. PVC pipes provide an excellent choice for carrying drinking water because they have a great level of inertness and are not prone to corrosion. PVC pipes last long with the smallest amount of maintenance and they are easily recyclable. The PVC pipes are extensively used because they are eco-friendly, durable, easy to install, resistant to corrosion, light in weight, have a long service life, inexpensive, and extensively accepted by codes. The top ten places where PVC pipes can be used are: 1. PVC Pipe for Water Plumbing and Water Pipes The PVC pipes have been
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Privacy statement: Your privacy is very important to Us. Our company promises not to disclose your personal information to any external company with out your explicit permission.