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2021 / 11 / 26
In the plastics extrusion process, raw thermoplastic material, or resin, is gravity fed from a top mounted hopper into the barrel of an extruder. Additives, such as colorants and UV inhibitors, in either liquid or pellet form are often used and can be introduced into the resin below arriving at the hopper. The process has much in common with plastics injection molding though differs in that the process is usually continual. While injection molding can offer many similar profiles in continuous lengths, usually with added reinforcing, the finished product is pulled out of a die instead of extruding the fluid resin through a die. As the material enters the feed throat near the rear of the barrel it comes in contact with the screw. The rotating screw forces the plastic resin forward into the barrel that is heated to the desired melt temperature depending on the resin. In most processes, a heating profile is set for the barrel utilizing three or more independent PID (proportional-integral-derivative controller) controlled heat zones that gradually increase the temperature of the barrel from the rear where the resin has entered to the front. This allows the plastic resin to melt gradually as it is pushed through the barrel and lowers the risk of overheating which may cause degradation in the polymer. At the front of the barrel, the resin leaves the screw and travels through a reinforced screen to remove any contaminants. A breaker plate generally reinforces screens because the pressure at this point can exceed 5000 psi (34 MPa). After passing through the breaker plate resin enters the die. The die is what gives the final product its profile or shape and
Analysis of action mechanism of ACR processing AIDS
2021 / 11 / 26
ACR processing AIDS have three main modes of action, which are respectively promoting resin melting, rheological modification of melt and giving lubrication function. 1, promote resin melting: When PVC resin under shear force when heated, ACR processing aid first will melt and adhesion in PVC resin particle surface, because the ACR processing aid and resin has high compatibility and high molecular weight, increase PVC viscosity and friction force, shear force and heat transfer effectively to the PVC resin, acceleration of polyvinyl chloride molten. 2. Rheological modification of melt: PVC melt has disadvantages such as poor strength, poor ductility and melt rupture, while ACR processing AIDS can improve the above problems of melt. The mechanism of action is to increase the viscoelasticity of polyvinyl chloride melt, improve the mold expansion and improve the melt strength 3, give lubrication function: PVC processing additives and PVC compatible part of the first melting to promote the melting effect; The incompatible parts of PVC migrate out of the molten resin system to improve the demoulding. Quality index of ACR processing AIDS: Item ACR-401 Screening (sieve hole 0.45mm) 99% pass Characteristic viscosity (H) 2.0 ~ 4.0 Volatile, % ≦ 3.0 Specific gravity 1.05 ~ 1.25 Main uses of ACR: mainly used in PVC soft and hard products. Such as: pipe, pipe fittings, plate, profile, sheet, film and foaming table products, suitable for all PVC processing technology. Recommended dosage: 1-3 parts / 100 parts PVC
What are the benefits of using processing AIDS in plastic production?
2021 / 11 / 26
Some processing AIDS will be used in plastic production. What are the benefits of using processing AIDS in plastic production? Methacrylate polymers can enhance the rolling properties of PE. Alkyl methacrylate processing AIDS with higher alkyl carbon numbers improve the melt strength of polypropylene and facilitate thermoforming operations in the manufacture of containers and electrical enclosures. Methacrylate processing AIDS with lower molecular weight can act as rheological modifiers in ABS resin to reduce melt viscosity and make melt easier to process. Adding ultra-low concentration of fluorocarbon processing AIDS to extruded LLDPE film can not only reduce melt viscosity but also eliminate melt rupture. Due to its high strength and barrier properties, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) resins are commonly used in packaging applications, especially for multilayer films and sheets. However, PVDC is significantly less stable than PVC, and PVDC usually degrades rapidly at the necessary processing temperature. Acrylic additives reduce thermal degradation while retaining most of its important properties. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) is another thermoplastic with good barrier properties, but it has very poor machinability at high temperatures and under shear stress conditions. Therefore, the use of high molecular weight polymers as processing AIDS in PVOH enables smooth melt processing without reducing the rigidity and barrier properties of PVOH. The melt strength and melt viscosity of aromatic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be significantly improved by adding low concentrations of processing AIDS.
Types and characteristics of PVC processing modifier ACR
2021 / 11 / 26
PVC processing modifier is sometimes encountered in industry. What kinds of PVC processing modifier are there? (1) SBS is a ternary block copolymer of styrene, butadiene and styrene, also known as thermoplastic styrene butadiene rubber, which is a thermoplastic elastomer. Its structure can be divided into star type and linear type. The proportion of styrene to butadiene in SBS is mainly 30/70, 40/60, 28/72, 48/52. (2) ABS for styrene (40%-50%), butadiene (25%-30%), propylene vinegar (25%-30%) terpolymer, mainly used as engineering plastics, but also used as PVC impact modification, impact modification effect is also very good at low temperature. (3) EVA is a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate. The introduction of vinyl acetate changes the crystallinity of polyethylene. The content of vinyl acetate is very poor. (4) Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) is a powdery product of suspended chlorination using HDPE in the aqueous phase. With the increase of chlorination degree, the original crystallized HDPE gradually becomes an amorphous elastomer. (5) ACR is a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, acrylate and other monomers. ACR is the best impact modifier developed in recent years, which can increase the impact strength of materials by dozens of times. (6) MBS is a copolymer of methyl methacrylate, butadiene and styrene.
Phosphorus-Nitrogen synergistic flame retardants in PBT
2021 / 11 / 22
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is easy to burn in air and must be flame-retardant treated in some applications. Traditional flame retardant PBT often uses bromine antimony flame retardant system, but bromine antimony flame retardant system will produce corrosive gas and smoke at the same time as flame retardant, which will often cause problems to the environment and health. Become an inevitable trend. Phosphates, phosphates, etc. have been successfully used in flame retardant PBT. Among the phosphorus-based flame retardants, nitrogen and phosphorus compounding is the most commonly used flame retardant system. Someone used diethylaluminum hypophosphite (ALPi) as the main flame retardant and compounded melamine polyphosphate (MPP) to study the effect of the compounded flame retardant system on the combustion performance of PBT. TGA was analyzed by thermal weight loss. LOI, UL94 vertical combustion and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs respectively studied the thermal decomposition process of the compound flame retardant system. When the mass ratio of ALPi and MPP is 2: 1 and the amount of flame retardant is 17 parts, the flame retardant PBT has better flame retardancy, with a LOI of 31%, and passed the UL 94 V-0 test; the TGA test results show After adding the compound flame retardant system, the initial decomposition temperature of flame retardant PBT decreased by 17 ℃, the thermal weight loss rate also decreased, and the amount of residual carbon increased. Aiming at PBT halogen-free flame retardant, Novista Group Ltd, launched
Several advantages of flame retardant masterbatch
2021 / 11 / 22
Because of the flame retardant efficiency, environmental protection, efficiency, convenience and so on, the flame retardant masterbatch has become an effective substitute for the traditional flame retardant and has been widely used in the various aspects of plastic granulation, extrusion, injection molding and other aspects. The effective flame retardant masterbatch is also known as the flame retardant masterbatch for modified plastics plant. The following advantages of using functional flame retardant masterbatch in modification plant. 1. Reduce cost With the progress of science and technology, the continuous development of carrier plastics and equipment, high concentration, high dispersion and high compatibility are possible. A small amount of carrier is no longer the main cause affecting the flame retardancy. Thus, the ideal condition of the exchange of flame retardant and powdery flame retardant is realized, and the flame retardant effect is not constant, and the flame retardancy efficiency is improved. Together with the organic combination of the fire-retardant masterbatch, the cost is reduced by the collective purchase, and the cost advantage of the flame retardant masterbatch is guaranteed, so that the cost can be effectively reduced after the customer is used. 2. improve efficiency The use of flame-retardant masterbatch makes the material more convenient, shorten the time, improve the working efficiency, and improve the mixi
2021 / 11 / 22
POLYOLEFINS are very COMBUSTIBLE!! Flame retardants should be required for various polyolefin applications. Novista Group HFFR product PNPO-G1 is equivalent to Japan Adeka FP-2200S/2500S. Excellent performance to flame-retard polyolefins (PP,PE) Novista Group supplies DBDPE, BDDP, FR245, SR130 to global market.
Will The Use Of PVC Processing Aid Increase Production Costs?
2021 / 11 / 19
On the surface, the use of any additives will produce the corresponding additional costs. However, for process additives, a large number of facts have proved that the additional cost of using PVC Processing Aid can not only be offset by the comprehensive benefits such as the decrease of enterprise management cost caused by the decrease of power consumption or the increase of production, the decrease of product waste rate, and the use of affordable raw materials. A large number of facts have proved that the use of PVC Processing Aid not only does not increase the cost, but also reduces the total production cost. The use of process additives is an important technical measure to increase the profit of enterprises. A large number of facts have proved that the use of process additives can improve the quality of products, improve the competitiveness of products, so as to improve the profitability of enterprises.
Top 10 applications of PVC pipes-1
2021 / 11 / 19
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) stands third around the world as the most widely produced plastic polymer. The rigid form of PVC is used in making PVC pipes that have a diverse range of applications. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) pipes are the most commonly used plastic piping material. The PVC pipes are manufactured in various dimensions and sizes. They are extensively used in sewer systems, irrigation, water service lines, drain waste vents, and various industries. The properties of PVC pipes for safety, robustness, cost-efficiency, environmental performance, and recyclability allow them to be used for multiple purposes, from carrying water to industrial or chemical waste handling. PVC pipes can be used in underground areas as well as above-ground areas of any building. They also come in handy to be used in outdoor settings if they include UV inhibitors and stabilisers to protect against ultraviolet radiation and are painted with water-based latex paint. They are unaffected by commonly used chemicals such as salts, acids, oxidants, or bases. PVC pipes are an environment-friendly option that has an upper hand over the traditional piping system. The PVC pipes consist of low carbon plastic and require minimal resources and less energy in manufacturing. PVC pipes provide an excellent choice for carrying drinking water because they have a great level of inertness and are not prone to corrosion. PVC pipes last long with the smallest amount of maintenance and they are easily recyclable. The PVC pipes are extensively used because they are eco-friendly, durable, easy to install, resistant to corrosion, light in weight, have a long service life, inexpensive, and extensively accepted by codes. The top ten places where PVC pipes can be used are: 1. PVC Pipe for Water Plumbing and Water Pipes The PVC pipes have been widely used in water plumbing and pipes. It is the largest industry i
Top 10 applications of PVC pipes-2
2021 / 11 / 19
4. PVC Pipes for Agriculture Agriculture is one of the largest and important sectors and is incomplete without PVC pipes. PVC pipes are used for all important functions of agriculture from bore-well to water irrigation, sprinklers and spraying of pesticides and fertilizers. PVC agricultural pipes are used for irrigation and pest control activities at farms. PVC pipes are resistant to all sorts of chemicals, corrosion, soil and fire. This makes them the best fit to be used for the transportation of pesticides and fertilizers into a farm. PVC agricultural pipes are very, do not require any maintenance and in optimum conditions last for more than 50 years. 5. PVC Pipe for Fire Sprinklers The PVC pipes have been approved to be used in the case of a light-hazard and multipurpose sprinkler system. PVC pipes are commonly used in the fire sprinkler system set up in public places like museums, theatres, libraries as well as in hotels, offices, and private buildings. The PVC pipes are immune to corrosion, scale, or any microbiological layer formation that leads to them being durable, low in maintenance as opposed to the traditional iron pipes. The PVC pipes used in the fire sprinkler system are not combustible and do not contribute to flashover. PVC pipes are light in weight, can be easily assembled in a small space, and offer non-corrosive properties. 6. PVC Pipes for Industrial Use PVC pipes have proven to be beneficial for use in the industrial sector. PVC piping can handle a wide range of substances, from cold water to the transport of hazardous chemicals. The property of high resistance to corrosion of the PVC pipes makes them extremely useful in industrial settings. The piping system for industrial use is required to be robust to endure the rough environment to carry chemicals or harmful waste. Thus, the PVC pipes meet this requirement and provide safe transportation for most of the substances in the industry.
Top 10 applications of PVC pipes-3
2021 / 11 / 19
8. PVC Pipes for Fittings The latest PVC pipes and fittings have proven to be useful in almost all areas because they offer a wide range of pipes, valves, and fittings. There are a huge number of connections that can be made using the PVC pipes as they are available in various forms like straight pipes, branch pipes, T-shaped pipes, and bracketed pipes. Thus, PVC pipes provide a multipurpose system without any cracks that are easy to install. PVC pipe fittings can be used to make high-performance piping systems. They can help to connect the new units with the older ones using the latest materials to renovate the pipe network at the same time, helping to maintain complete system integrity. 9. PVC Pipe for Building Infrastructure and Structural Material PVC pipes have been increasingly used in infrastructure and building materials over the past few years. The PVC pipes are an inexpensive and better substitute for wood and other types of building materials. The PVC pipes` topmost use for building infrastructure is in the exhaust and air ventilation. In the construction of an air ventilation system, PVC pipes are installed in the ducts of the heating systems, air conditioning systems, and ventilation. 10. PVC Pipe for Coatings and Cable Insulation PVC pipes are a bad conductor of current and electricity. Therefore, they are used in coating and cable insulation for electric wires, cables, circuitry, and components. Many common wires and electrical elements in today's electronics pass through a PVC conduit pipe. The PVC pipes are used to defend against human or environmental exposure, electrical short circuits, overheating, and any other kind of dangerous situations that can come up in the case of handling electricity. Furthermore, PVC pipes offer a wide range of use in the modern world. The PVC pipes' capability to be handled diversely has led to its use in various recreational areas. The va
Selection of Impact #Modifiers for Polymers
2021 / 11 / 15
Introduction To The Characteristics Of Impact Modifiers
2021 / 11 / 15
According to a report by the American Plastics Industry Consulting Corporation, the global market demand for plastic impact modifiers in 2004 was 600,000 tons (approximately $1.5 billion in market value), among which styrene copolymers such as ABS, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-benzene Ethylene (MBS) has become the largest category of impact modifiers, accounting for about 45% of the market share, and acrylics accounted for nearly 30%; elastomers including EPDM and thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) account for about 10% of the market share; chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) ) Accounted for 10%, others accounted for 5%. It is predicted that between 2004 and 2009, the average annual growth rate of styrene impact modifiers will be less than 3%, while the average growth rate of other types will be 5%-6%. Since PVC is the largest used variety of impact modifiers, occupying about 80% of the volume, the increase in demand for PVC will also drive the demand for impact modifiers. Engineering plastic resins such as PC, polyamide (PA), polyester, etc. consume about 10% of impact modifiers. As the demand for engineering plastics is growing strongly, the consumption of impact modifiers is increasing. Polyolefin resin consumes about 10% of impact modifier. Experts pointed out that the development trend of impact modifiers in the future is better performance, cheaper price, faster action, improving the performance of the main material or making the components thinner under the premise of ensuring the performance. Among foreign companies, such as Arkema's Durastrength products can significantly improve the impact resistance of PVC. In addition, Compton, DuPont, Dow Chemical and other companies have launched their own suitable products.
The common flame retardant components of new energy vehicles
2021 / 11 / 13
Many parts of the car will use flame retardant materials, especially new energy vehicles, the application of flame retardant materials is more extensive. Especially in charging piles and battery parts, plastic parts are required to be flame retardant. Today, let's take a look at the common flame retardant materials and corresponding components on automobiles. Speaking of new energy vehicles, this is one of the hottest areas in recent years. For the material person, the most important thing is probably the application of new materials on the car. Compared with traditional cars, new energy vehicles have very different materials selection. For example, battery modules, charging piles, and charging guns must be made of flame-retardant materials. Let `s take a look Look! First, the charging gun As a charging connector for electric vehicles, the charging gun is a "bridge" that connects charging facilities such as charging piles and electric vehicles. The quality of the gun directly affects the charging performance and safety. The material requirements of the charging gun are relatively high. Common materials are: PBT + GF, PA + GF, weather-resistant PC, etc. Second, plug and socket The material of the socket plug is mainly PBT-GF25 FR / PBT-GF30 FR, PA66-GF25 FR / PA66-GF30 FR and PA66-GF25 FR / PA66-GF30 FR (Free of halogen). Third, the shell The shell of charging pile is generally made of flame retardant PC material. The material features are halogen-free flame retardant, high surface gloss, excellent electrical insulation performance, and excellent mechanical properties.
flame retardants in transportation industry
2021 / 11 / 13
The world is a much smaller place today thanks to modern modes of transportation. Decisions about vacation destinations or business travel now go beyond cities and states and encompass countries around the world. Travel, whether by car, train or airplane, is faster, safer, more affordable and much more comfortable than ever before. These improvements are largely due to the technologically advanced materials developed over the last several decades. Many metal transportation components of old, for example, have been replaced with those made with plastic, making transport lighter and more fuel efficient. A variety of plastics materials (e.g., flexible plastics, foam), composite materials, new types of textiles and electronic components have given transportation engineers and manufacturers a wealth of options when it comes to transportation design, function and performance. These materials, however, which are now used in transportation products and components such as structural parts, electrical cables and wires, carpets and upholstery, must also meet flammability standards and requirements. Often, flame retardants are incorporated into these materials to help meet these standards. Notably, the right flame retardant solution must be matched to the specific material
flame retardant necessity for Polyurethane (PU) Products
2021 / 11 / 13
1.What are polyurethane products? Polyurethanes refer to a wide range of products that include flexible foams used in furniture and automobiles, rigid foams used as building insulation, durable coatings, adhesives and sealants, and even certain items of apparel. 2.Can polyurethane products burn? As with other common organic materials, polyurethane foam products are combustible when exposed to a sufficient ignition source. For that reason, to maximize their safety many polyurethane products are flame retarded or protected by a barrier that can delay ignition, retard combustion, reduce surface burning, or otherwise protect the material from fires. 3.Do polyurethane products emit smoke when burning? Yes. Like any material in a fire, the amount of smoke generated is dependent on a number of factors, including the amount and type of burning material, the amount of oxygen available, and the temperature of the fire. 4.Do polyurethane products produce a unique toxicity risk in fires? No. While a range of airborne chemicals may be emitted during fire events involving polyurethane products, all combustible materials produce toxic smoke when burned, including wood. In terms of hazard, carbon monoxide (CO) is typically the most abundant toxicant in fires under
Replacement of lead based stabilizers with lead free stabilizers-3
2021 / 11 / 11
The other very new and emerging category of heat stabilizers is Organic stabilizers. They are being developed as effective, safer and more eco-friendly additives for PVC processing. The major component acting as primary stabilizer and lubricant is Calcium Stearate. Other than calcium stearate organic stabilizers are based on various organic compounds like alkyl/aryl phosphites, epoxy compounds, beta-diketones, amino crotonates, nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, organosulfur compounds (i.e. ester thiols), hindered phenolics, and polyols (pentaerythritols). These combinations of various ingredients provide a wide processing window. They provide high thermal stability and excellent reprocessability. Organic stabilizers are currently being heavily researched, and their use at the expense of metal-containing stabilizers is expected to grow significantly. Until 2016, 80% of the world`s manufacturers were using lead stabilizers, the remaining 20% are used to stabilize PVC food packing, mineral water bottles and pharmaceutical containers. Despite many advantages, the toxicity of lead has brought a restriction to the use of lead based stabilizers in PVC articles. This restriction brought a revolutionary change in PVC processing. In 2020, 50% of the world`s manufacturers are using Ca-Zn stabilizers. In Europe, Ca-Zn stabilizers already hold a larger market share than lead stabilizers. In the USA too, some large processors voluntarily switched from Lead to Ca-Zn stabilizers and brought a change in the industry. At the moment, the PVC pipes and fittings sector is seeing the development of Ca-Zn stabilizers with additional lubricants to achieve the perfect balance for pipes. Fine adjustments in composition can be made to serve a variety of applications. The Ca-Zn stabilizer systems for PVC wires and cables have gained importance during the last few years and their demand is still growing. Today, the different heat stabilizers for wi
Replacement of lead based stabilizers with lead free stabilizers-2
2021 / 11 / 11
Besides Ca-Zn stabilizers, Organotin mercaptide based stabilizers are another choice. These are generally available in liquid form, but nowadays powder form is also available with some manufacturers. Organotin stabilizers are very popular for transparent applications and rigid applications in America. They offer outstanding color retention in plasticized and rigid PVC processing. While selecting lubricants with tin stabilizer, stearic acid shall be avoided as it may form highly incompatible alkyl tin stearates and cause spewing in plasticized applications or exudation. Organotin stabilizers offer excellent thermal performance and therefore, are employed as the most efficient thermal stabilizers. They are more expensive than Leads, but as they are so efficient, processers with top-of-the-line extruders are reported to have come down to 0.3-0.5 PHR with the powerful methyl tins and being competitive to lead stabilizer systems. Organotin stabilizers are classified as toxic and a few are also classified as toxic for reproduction. Therefore, sufficient precautions have to be taken to avoid ingestion, skin absorption and inhalation. In the case of potable water pipe, tin stabilizers are approved in all Asian, European countries and the USA. However, in Europe, their usage in water pipe has been largely confined to France and Belgium, while it is the dominant stabilizer type used for this application in the USA. Following a risk assessment, risk reduction measures are currently under discussion at the EU level. The industry has already phased out organotin stabilizers in most of the applications.
Replacement of lead based stabilizers with lead free stabilizers-1
2021 / 11 / 11
Lead based stabilizers are being used from the very beginning to stabilize rigid PVC across the world. The decomposition temperature of PVC is much lower than its processing temperature. Thus, the processing of PVC requires heat stabilizers that do not allow HCl molecules to leave the polymer chain and increases the decomposition temperature. Lead based heat stabilizers provide excellent heat and light stability. They also provide good mechanical and electrical properties and display a very wide processing range. They are the best kind of stabilizers in terms of cost to performance ratio. Apart from these benefits, lead based heat stabilizers have a major drawback of toxicity. A small amount of lead leaching can also cause potential health problems in a young infant. The concern of toxicity has brought an initiative to phase out lead from PVC manufacturing. Lead stabilizers are being replaced by non-toxic calcium (Ca) and zinc (Zn) based stabilizers. The PVC market is now diverted towards heavy metal free stabilizers based on a mixture of Ca-Zn soap and other organic and inorganic compounds. Similar to lead stabilizers, these are also available in One Pack Systems in powder, flake and paste forms. Other than being harmless, Ca-Zn stabilizers prov
2021 / 11 / 04
Poly(vinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most important commercial plastic and its compounds have a great diversity of applications and methods of processing. But, PVC is thermally unstable at processing temperatures. The amount and type of energy input varies considerably among the many different production methods and end-use applications of PVC. In fact, resin degradation starts in the polymerization reactor. It can continue under storage conditions through oxidation, carbonyl formation, etc. even before use. Once PVC gets heated up to 170°, hydrogen and chlorine are eliminated. Decomposition starts and leads to the release of HCl (autocatalytic dehydrochlorination). Unstable molecules (allylic chlorine structure) appear, which in turn, stimulate the next HCl loss. And so on, this is a chain reaction. Thermal Degradation of PVC The factors which promote PVC degradation include: -Mixing cycles (dry blend, banbury, high speed plastisol dispersators) -Processing (calender, extruder, molder) -Fabricating (embossing, thermoforming, laminating) -Scrap re-work -Heat and light energy of outdoor exposure -Heat of a product`s use environment (auto interior, hot air duct) -Gamma ray sterilization Thus, heat stabilizers play a crucial role to improve the resistance of PVC compounds to heat or high temperatures. The goal of heat stabilizers is to safeguard the vinyl product at all stages. To prevent degradation of PVC compounds, heat stabilizers work by: -Neutralizing hydrogen chloride -Replacing weakened carbon-chlorine bonds -Preventing oxidation Nowadays, compounding industry also expects PVC heat stabilizers to fill many specific requirements on top of heat stabilization.
Types of Heat Stabilizers for Vinyl Compounds
2021 / 11 / 04
There are several basic groups of heat and light stabilizers currently offered to the vinyl industry which include: Mixed Metals Organic acid salts (liquid and solid), consisting of any one or a combination of barium, calcium, cadmium (disappearing), and zinc. Typically, C8 to C18 straight chain or branched chain aliphatic carboxylic acids are used. Aromatic (alkyl benzoic) acids once used are no longer in favor due to toxicity concerns. Organotin Compounds The physical and chemical properties of this organotin heat stabilizers solely depend on the nature of the chemical groups linked to the tin atom. organotin mercaptides offer excellent thermal performance and therefore, are employed as the most efficient thermal stabilizers. Organotin stabilizers are well compatible with the other additives used in PVC therefore minimizing processing challenges. organotin mercaptides also offer outstanding color retention in plasticized and rigid PVC processing. Lead Salts and Soaps (Liquid and Solid) Heat Stabilizers based on lead salts and soaps offer exceptional long-term heat stability. These heat stabilizers are considered as one of the most cost-effective form of stabilizers for PVC. PVC compounds when stabilized with lead heat stabilizers show: -Excellent heat and light stability -Exceptional mechanical and electrical properties -Display a wider processing range Apart from these benefits, lead heat stabilizers have some limitations associated with them as well. Lead stabilizers when used in PVC windows lead to their discoloration. Leads offer the best electrical properties mainly due to the insolubility of lead chlorides formed during stabilization. Currently, lead is under pressure for possible replacement by special mixed metal systems, in secondary and decorative wire insulation. However, primary insulation is still best stabilized by lead.
Impact of PVC Ingredients on Heat Stabilizers Selection
2021 / 11 / 04
The best approach in most cases is to check heat stability and color retention of the formulation with and without these additives. It helps to pre-determine the extent of any potential problem. Vinyl ingredients which can have a potential impact on PVC heat stability are discussed below: Vinyl Resins The wide variety of PVC resins is probably the single greatest factor which explains the large stabilizers offering confronting compounders. PVC homopolymer is made by suspension, bulk (or mass), and emulsion polymerization methods. The amount and type of residual components on the resin shipped to users (catalyst residues, suspension agents, emulsifying agents, etc.) can differ a lot. Two vinyl resins made via the same method by two different producers can have a different response to the same stabilizer system. PVC copolymers and PVC with other co-monomers (propylene, cetyl vinyl ether, vinylidene chloride) also have a different response to a given stabilizer system.
How much do You Know The Current ACR processing aid and impact modifier Market?
2021 / 11 / 01
ACR is commonly used in the industry and many people do not understand it. What do you know about the market demand of ACR? ACR material products are essential to our life and work. Due to the wide use of ACR materials, the market demand for ACR products is also growing. As a result, the plastic processing industry is more actively looking for effective methods and filling materials. In order to reduce production cost, improve product process level and improve production efficiency. At present, the commonly used impact modifiers for PVC are acrylic acid (ACR), chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), methyl methacrylate / butadiene / styrene copolymer (MBS), ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer (ABS)), among which ACR impact modifier has the best overall performance. It can effectively control the melt fracture, promote the plasticization of PVC and improve the plasticization quality. ACR was first developed by Rhom & Haas in the 1950s as a processing aid and impact modifier for PVC. Because PVC with ACR has the advantages of processability, tensile strength, modulus, high thermal deformation temperature and excellent weather resistance, the consumption of ACR in the world has increased rapidly in recent years. In the United States, the amount of ACR has exceeded MBS, making it the largest impact modifier for PVC resin. In 1991, the United States consumed about 32000 tons, accounting for 34% of the total sales of impact modifiers. By 1996, the consumption of ACR in the United States had reached 47000 tons, with an average annual growth ra
2021 / 11 / 01
Lubricants play a very important role in the processing of thermoplastic polymers for improving the processing and application properties of products. Then, because the polymer processing process is very complex, which has a lot of influence on the lubrication, such as the polymer structure, processing machinery, molding method, processing conditions, product shape, the interaction between composite components, and so on. At the same time, considering the required performance of the final product, the selection of the lubrication system in the design must start from the whole formula and comprehensively consider various factors. The following are the selection points of lubricants for PVCL processing and molding: (1) Processing machinery calendering focuses on the external lubrication, extrusion, injection molding focuses on the internal lubrication. (2) Compared with homopolymers, copolymers use more external lubricants. (3) The type and dosage of compounding agent 1. Compared with soft products, the amount of lubricant should be increased for hard products
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